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一串红Salvia splendens Ker-Gawler

别名:scarlet sage;夕阳红;墙下红;牆下红;绯衣草;撒尔维亚;洋赪桐;象牙海棠;炮仔花;串串红;象牙红;西洋红;

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:鼠尾草属 Salvia

《中国植物志》第66卷172页
  61. 一串红(广州)象牙红、西洋红(广州),墙下红(北京),象牙海棠(云南),炮仔花(福建)图版40
  Salvia splendens Ker-Gawl. in Bot. Reg. 7: pl. 687. 1822; Pobed. in Fl. URSS 21: 358. 1954; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 330. 1848; 侯宽昭, 广州植物志, 636. 1954。
  亚灌木状草本,高可达90厘米。茎钝四稜形,具浅槽,无毛。叶卵圆形或三角状卵圆形,长2.5-7厘米,宽2-4.5厘米,先端渐尖,基部截形或圆形,稀钝,边缘具锯齿,上面绿色,下面较淡,两面无毛,下面具腺点;茎生叶叶柄长3-4.5厘米,无毛。轮伞花序2-6花,组成顶生总状花序,花序长达20厘米或以上;苞片卵圆形,红色,大,在花开前包裹着花蕾,先端尾状渐尖;花梗长4-7毫米,密被染红的具腺柔毛,花序轴被微柔毛。花萼钟形,红色,开花时长约1.6厘米,花后增大达2厘米,外面沿脉上被染红的具腺柔毛,内面在上半部被微硬伏毛,二唇形,唇裂达花萼长1/3,上唇三角状卵圆形,长5-6毫米,宽10毫米,先端具小尖头,下唇比上唇略长,深2裂,裂片三角形,先端渐尖。花冠红色,长4-4.2厘米,外被微柔毛,内面无毛,冠筒筒状,直伸,在喉部略增大,冠檐二唇形,上唇直伸,略内弯,长圆形,长8-9毫米,宽约4毫米,先端微缺,下唇比上唇短,3裂,中裂片半圆形,侧裂片长卵圆形,比中裂片长。能育雄蕊2,近外伸,花丝长约5毫米,药隔长约1.3厘米,近伸直,上下臂近等长,上臂药室发育,下臂药室不育,下臂粗大,不联合。退化雄蕊短小。花柱与花冠近相等,先端不相等2裂,前裂片较长。花盘等大。小坚果椭圆形,长约3.5毫米,暗褐色,顶端具不规则极少数的绉折突起,边缘或稜具狭翅,光滑。花期3-10月。
  原产巴西,我国各地庭园中广泛栽培,作观赏用,本种为一美丽的盆栽花卉,
  花有各种颜色,由大红至紫,甚至有白色的。
形态特征:半灌木状草本。叶片卵圆形或三角状卵圆形;轮伞花序具2-6花;花萼钟状,红色;花丝长5毫米,药隔长13毫米,近直伸。小坚果椭圆形,顶端有不规则小数褶劈,边缘或棱有厚而狭的翅。
分    布:各地均有
生    境:栽培
繁殖方式:种子
习    性:阳生
药用部位:全草
药用功能:消肿解毒
药用主治:na

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Salvia splendens  Ker Gawler
一串红   yi chuan hong
Herbs suffruticose, to 90 cm tall. Petiole 3-4.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade ovate to triangular-ovate, 2.5-7 × 2-4.5 cm, glabrous, abaxially glandular, base truncate or ± rounded, margin serrate, apex acuminate. Verticillasters 2-6-flowered, in racemes to 20 cm; bracts ovate, red, enveloping flowers in bud, apex caudate-acuminate. Pedicel 4-7 mm, red glandular villous. Calyx red, campanulate, ca. 1.6 cm in flower, dilated to 2 cm after anthesis, red glandular, veins villous, 2-lipped to ca. 1/3 its length; upper lip triangular-ovate, 5-6 × 10 mm, apex mucronate; lower lip slightly longer than upper, deeply 2-toothed, teeth triangular. Corolla scarlet, 4-4.2 cm, pubescent; tube slightly dilated at throat; upper lip straight, somewhat concave, oblong, 8-9 × ca. 4 mm; lower lip shorter than upper. Filaments ca. 5 mm; connectives ca. 1.3 cm. Nutlets dark brown, ellipsoid, ca. 3.5 mm, apex irregularly pleated, margin (or midvein) narrowly winged. Fl. Mar-Oct.
Cultivated in China [South America]
The corolla is purple or even white in different varieties.

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